Healthcare mergers and acquisitions often involve transferring sensitive patient information between entities. Ensuring HIPAA compliance during this process protects patient privacy and avoids regulatory penalties.
Why HIPAA compliance matters in mergers
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) sets strict guidelines for handling protected health information (PHI). During mergers, entities often share PHI to evaluate assets, align operations, or ensure continuity of care. Ensuring compliance protects patient privacy and shields organizations from regulatory penalties.
Studies suggest that “the period during and after hospital mergers and acquisitions is an especially vulnerable time for patient data when the chance of a cybersecurity breach more than doubles.” HIPAA compliant communication during these transactions can help mitigate the risk of a data breach by ensuring that data is securely shared between the transacting entities.
Steps to achieve HIPAA compliant communication
Conduct a pre-merger risk assessment
- Evaluate current practices: Assess existing HIPAA compliance measures within both entities.
- Identify potential risks: Pinpoint vulnerabilities in data sharing, storage, and access practices.
- Plan for mitigation: Develop a strategy to address identified risks before PHI is shared.
Establish clear data governance policies
Use secure communication channels
- Encrypted email: Use HIPAA compliant email systems with encryption such as Paubox.
- Secure file-sharing platforms: Choose tools that offer features like two-factor authentication and audit logs.
- Virtual data rooms (VDRs): Consider using VDRs for large-scale data sharing, as they provide controlled access and monitoring capabilities.
Limit Access to PHI
- Role-based access control (RBAC): Restrict data access to individuals directly involved in the merger.
- Data minimization: Share only the necessary amount of PHI required for decision-making.
- De-identification: When possible, remove identifying information from datasets to reduce risk.
Ensure compliance agreements are in place
- Business associate agreements (BAAs): Require all third-party vendors or consultants involved in the merger to sign BAAs.
- Non-disclosure agreements (NDAs): Mandate NDAs for all personnel handling PHI.
Train employees on HIPAA compliance
- Pre-merger training: Conduct training sessions to educate staff on HIPAA requirements during the merger.
- Ongoing education: Provide regular updates on privacy and security best practices.
Monitor and audit data sharing
- Track activity: Use audit logs to monitor who accesses or modifies PHI.
- Conduct post-merger audits: Verify that all PHI has been handled appropriately and remains secure.
See also: What is a post-breach assessment?
Align post-merger policies
- Update HIPAA policies: Harmonize compliance protocols to reflect the operations of the merged entity.
- Integrate security systems: Ensure seamless integration of security technologies and practices.
- Reassess risks: Conduct a fresh risk analysis to address new vulnerabilities arising from the merger.
Common challenges and how to overcome them
Challenge 1: Inconsistent policies between entities
Solution: Prioritize harmonization of data privacy and security policies during pre-merger negotiations.
Challenge 2: Complex vendor ecosystems
Solution: Vet third-party vendors thoroughly and ensure all sign BAAs and comply with HIPAA standards.
Challenge 3: Resistance to change
Solution: Invest in employee training and provide clear communication about the importance of compliance.
FAQs
Can PHI be shared during a merger?
Yes, PHI can be shared during a merger, but only under strict compliance with HIPAA. Entities must ensure secure communication channels, limit access, and have proper agreements like BAAs in place.
What should we do if there are inconsistencies in HIPAA policies between merging entities?
Prioritize harmonizing policies during the pre-merger phase. Conduct a gap analysis to identify discrepancies and align practices to ensure seamless compliance.